The Formation of Managerial and Educational Structures in Physical Culture Field in Tomsk Guberniya (1920ss)

The Revolution, the World War II and the Civil Wars put forward the military training challengebefore the government of a Russian state. To organize military training and physical education properly the institution, called "UniversalTraining" was set up in April 22 -nd, 1918. It acted as an organizer and coordinator of military training and physical education for workingpeople. The mechanism of Provincial Universal Training and pre military training centers were created in Tomsk guberniya in January 1920.To supply all the Universal Training agencies with high qualified staff, a number of educational institutions were set up. SinceDecember 1920 the first P.E. Siberian school was launched: it became the center of academic activity and competition. However the schoolfailed to meet demands in qualified staff in physical culture sphere. The high intellectual potential, combined with Dr. Pirrusky activeperformance and well-trained athletes involvement allowed to open the first Physical Culture Institute behind the Urals. It started functioningwith the first classes to conduct in February 15, 1922. That allowed to lay both theoretical and practical foundations for further developmentof physical culture in Siberia. The creation of physical culture committees became a substantial step in the organization of a physical culturemovement in the country. In 1923 the Physical Culture Higher Council was founded. The provincial councils, established by executivecommittees became local leading agencies. Tomsk Provincial Council on Physical Culture was founded in November 2, 1923. The Councilgoals consist in coordination and unification of academic, scientific and organizational activities, embracing all the establishments onphysical culture development; organizing and holding sport events and festivities, and leadership on agitational work in the guberniya. Torender assistance to the Provincial Council in industrial sheadings (districts) by executive committees physical culture district councils beganto be founded. Centralization of physical culture activity allowed to some extent to coordinate the whole work of various physical cultureunions and enhance attraction to doing exercises. The establishment of some profile educational institutions in Tomsk gave that practicescientific basis and supplied with qualified staff. Thus, the evaluation of archival sources permits to conclude that the availability ofmanagerial and educational structures in the guberniya in 1920-ss allowed boosting physical culture activities and setting up the basis for itsfurther development.

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