The legislative basis of activity of state servitors of Western Siberia (XVII century): the structure of rules, the relationship and mechanism of functioning

The end XVI - the beginning of XVII centuries for the Russian state became an epoch of colonization of the Siberian subcontinent. Part of the State's colonization was the extension of State legislation. State servitors (sluzhilie liudi) - the main group of the population who mastered territories. State servitors were engaged in agriculture. The legislation on the ground developed. The state authorized application of various documents in this field. These documents are the basis of ownership and use of land. State servitors carried military service, performed household tasks, addressed with various requests to administration about distribution of the ground. In the documentation of the beginning of 1650th it take place references to standards of Ulozhenie of 1649 year. Problem for the state was the organization of agriculture. Standards of legislative acts contained orders of two versions. The first groups - the general orders, the second - standards which were devoted to particular circumstances. As the main source of standards were the documents classified as «decrees» (ukazy). In the XVIIth century legislation becomes more complex. Great importance had standards of town planning. State servitors, as a rule, were builders of the first cities. Legislation had regulated the standards in the field of transport. State servitors took part in many trips in different regions of Western Siberia. Besides in this sphere there was a system of interdictions. Interaction between the state and church also was regulated. In this case state servitors had the status of intermediaries. In particular, when there was a necessity to accompany ecclesiastics on trips. In the end XVI -the beginning of XVII centuries the legislation starts to regulate questions of trade and the customs administration. The customs is formed. During the period of the voivodship of Y. I Suleseva have been entered a number of the important principles of control which were used up to the end of century. In 1653 the decree according to which new taxes and rules of management of trade were entered has been published. The given standards have been widespread to Siberia, but later. Similar legislative acts characteristic for the end of XVII century. As a result the legislation became dynamical: standards of the Siberian origin which are applied with standards from European Russia are formed, supplementing each other. That development of the Russian legislation in Siberia has been caused by factors of legal and other character: social and economic, military-political, sociocultural. Character of another factors was wide enough, but legallistic aspects had the influence. Standards had, as a rule, casual and situational character at a priority of subjectivity of administration. The system of the rules in legislative acts which was combined with norms standards of generalizing character that allowed to maintain the integrity of the legislation is by degrees built and made by its normative basis of activity of state servitors.

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