Results of technical-technological analysis kulaysky ceramics of a settlement complex of Ryuzakovo (Duhovoye)

The settlement complex of the Early Iron Age of Ryuzakovo (Duhovoye) is located on a left-bank radical terrace of the Lower Tom. The complex consists of a cape-type site of ancient settlement with an open-loop trapezium-like shaped system of fortification and a settlement that includes 30 hollows. The total area of the settlement complex makes 5340 sq.m. The result of the carried-out excavations in 2003-2010 became a collection of the artifacts the majority of which is made by fragments of ceramic vessels. It is they that became a subject of researches based on morphology and ornamentation data, as well as on technical and technological analysis. Locking rings from 144 vessels (36 from the settlement and 108 from the site of ancient settlement) were processed. The form of vessels is restored in 14 cases and differs a considerable variety. For decoration of vessels it was used 9 elements of the ornament executed in various ways (punching, indenting, trailing, dimple, and fillet). Elements of the ornament form 24 ornamental motives, absolute majority of which has a horizontal arrangement. 5 groups of ceramics are marked out. The most part of ceramics of the Ryuzakovsky complex is made by vessels of the Kulaysky typeThe technical and technological analysis as a whole showed that the pottery was made by different potters. As for ceramics of the 1, 2, 4, 5 groups, identical steady traditions in a choice of initial raw materials and application of mineral impurities are characteristic. The preference of clays that do not contain iron is possibly connected with features of clay deposits in this territory, but it may as well be connected with traditions of manufacturing of ceramics among the population of the Ryuzakovsky complex. For all the collection gruss in forming masses and organics are characteristic. The special place is occupied by vessels of the 1 and 2 groups with chamotte which is an evidence of mixture of traditions and population and inflow of new population. The use of gruss is a local tradition, while the use of chamotte is a tradition of another culture. As a whole the ceramic material testifies to assimilation of the local Shelomokskoye population by the newly came Kulayskoye within the Ryuzakovsky complex of monuments.

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