Ethnographical-archaeological identification and studying of contact zones of the population of Western Siberia in the ancient time and Middle Ages

In this work possibilities of archaeological-ethnographic studying of territories which it is possible to call contact zones of the various tribes living in the XVII-XVIII centuries, and the subsequent application of the received results for identification and the subsequent analysis of contact zones of the Middle Ages and earlier eras will be considered. Studying G.F. Miller's notes which he conducted during travel across Siberia in 1734-1741 [1], author paid attention that in several cases it actually described territories on which contacts between the Siberian natives were carried out. They are allocated on materials of a narrow chronological range. Author believe that their possible archaeological signs following: existence of the sites of ancient settlement marking borders, empty spaces and districts with "hybrid" materials. Can be and other situations, for example it is necessary to consider territory with small concentration of archaeological monuments, or monuments with a powerful occupation layer and diverse materials. For further researches it is necessary to expand works, and the following sequence of actions is possible: more complete examination of data where in writing, or on cards the system of moving of natives and Russian of Western Siberia is in details fixed; by consideration of contact zones of natives it is necessary to mean that to arrival of Russian they had a developed system of moving with trade and sacral territories, the summer and winter places of residence; contact zones are expedient for tracking in territories with different geographical zones. Other part of work concerns archaeological studying of the revealed contact zones and definition of archaeological signs of these territories. It assumes carrying out investigations and excavation. But we will return to contact zones and studying of their archeology. It can be double: inspection in the field of allocated on written, cartographical, probably, and to ethnographic sources of contact zones. Are for this purpose necessary serious purposeful ethnographic (or historical and ethnographic researches). Then the stage of archaeological inspection of the district should follow: identification and inspection of the complexes described in the XVIII century, mapping of the found objects, the spatial analysis of territories. Identification of contact zones (as option: allocation of the monuments containing various materials) on materials of archaeological cards and the subsequent studying by these of materials in meeting of museums. After that it is possible to believe that conclusions on studying of contact territories will have high degree of reliability. Further, it is logical to pass to the following procedure — extrapolations of the received results to earlier eras and justification of possibility of this procedure, secondly, about a correctness of its carrying out, thirdly, about reliability and verification of results.

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