Turks of Siberia in late middle ages and modern times: current problems of historical and comparative study

Russia as a poly-ethnic country has its own specificity in the study of the history of peoples, at different times included in its composition. In Siberia, there is a group of people with a common cultural background and ethnogenetical - Turks of Siberia: Altais, Dolgans, Siberian Tatars, Sojots, Tofalars, Tuva, Khakass, Shors, Yakuts. In this paper, we will focus on the largest of them. They played an important role in history. Their ancestors were combined at different times of the ancient Turkic political entities. Then, as a consequence of the Mongolian and Chinese expansion is their separation. Starting from the 16 century again there is the union of these people at Moscow (Russian) state. Russian state came to Siberia by skillful policy on "nomadic natives", which were classified according to the people called "Charter on the management of Siberian foreigners" in 1822, for centuries been able to gain a foothold in the Siberian region. Appeal to the history of the Turks of Siberia has large research perspective. They are connected with the search for new methodological approaches. Former Marxist methodology explained, for example, the laws of historical development and self-government through the prism of class relations. Consideration of this aspect in terms of typological features power structures of Siberian Turks has deserved more attention. Also of interest is the study of the integration of government institutions peoples of the Sayan-Altai, and Minusinsk, Baraba steppes, forest-steppe zone in the Middle Lena into administration by "nomadic foreigners." In the depths of these processes emerging social movement studied people also having a lot of common points. They require no less attention of historians. Common origin, economy and way of life allows for a comparative analysis of historical demography, a relatively poorly studied aspect. On population dynamics reflect any changes in the political, economic, cultural processes. This is illustrated by the study of the historical demography of Khakass and Yakuts, involving materials Buryats in 17-19 centuries undertaken by the author in recent years. The most favorable was the first half of 19 century, when had observed in eastern Siberia liberalization policies for "nomadic foreigners": for example, the political (activities of steppe dumas-councils) and economic activity (including in market relations) of these people. There are other promising aspects of a given problem. It is the study of regional economic policy and cultural processes, when there is the integration of Turks in Siberia in the Russian society.

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