Reconstruction of paleoclimatic conditions in the early iron age for the upper Ob basin (on the spreading territory of Kamenskaya culture)

It is considered that the sorts of economical activity of the ancient societies were closely connected to the characteristics of the physiographic zones these societies lived in. The boundaries of zones were changing with the changes of climate which led to either migrations of the population or to the changes in sorts of its economical activity. The examination of the paleoclimatic condition changes on the territory of Upper Ob basin in the Early Iron Age is performed in regard to the Kamenskaya culture. This culture comes as a convenient object for the interdisciplinary researches because it's fully enough represented by both archaeological and anthropological materials. For paleoclimatic conditions the integral index of humidity and heat supply is used, which is defined as a ratio between a sum of precipitations from May to September and a sum of temperatures for the same period. The calculation of this index is performed on the basis of the present-day weather data and the temperature and humidity curves for the past periods, reconstructed by methods of natural science. In this case the palynology-based reconstructions were used. The geographic distribution of the index on the reviewed territory for the requisite historical time is computed by the special means of geoinfor-mation technologies. The peculiar spatial distribution of this index caused by mountain framing of the territory is emphasized. On the early stage (VI-IV century BC) Kamenskaya culture was in conditions close to the subtaiga and taiga zones by the heat supply and humidity indexes, and on the late stage (III-I century BC) it was in the conditions similar to the present-day ones. The most part of the distribution range of the Kamenskaya culture was always in conditions which allowed having a sufficiently stable economics: mostly appropriative on the early stage and a combination of productive and appropriative on the late stage.

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