Northern Russian components in the traditional culture of the old-timers peasants in Western Siberia in late XIX - early XX century

Lack of ethnographic study of old residents in Siberia, and the lack of detailed descriptions of the contemporaries, low information content of a museum's collections and archives today makes it impossible to trace the continuity in the historical ethnographic groups of Siberians and that part, which named themself "Chaldon". The question of whether, on what basis has been a separation of the old-communities, decided in ethnocultural plane: and Siberians and Chaldon, and Russian settlers late XIX - early XX century viewed each other in ethnocultural terms. In this regard, the most impressive cultural unity of Chaldon in the territories of West Siberia, with a population that clearly identifies himself with that group (Ob Novosibirsk and Tomsk region, Omsk Irtysh, Yenisei Region, etc.). The prevalence of common ethnographic features on a wide expanse of Asiatic Russia indicates long time of formation of the community, although, paradoxically, the ethnographic reality has not kept us archaic artifacts of the culture, the main types of which are known to the European materials as "urban peasant tradition". In the 1989-1990's. in Kolyvanskoe area of the Novosibirsk region was conducted ethnographic expedition, organized by the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (by the author). The works were carried out in Chaus, Greater and Small Oeshi, Amba, Podgornaya, Voroby-ovo, Skala, Vakhrushevo, Tyryshkino, Small and Big Cheremshanka, Pautova, Kandaurova etc. For the period of the early twentieth century these settlements were in Chaussy area Tomsk district and province. Siberian stage of development of Russian culture in the south of Western Siberia shows not only and not so much about its components adapt to the changing conditions as the preservation of key features, which can be recognized by Russian and draw conclusions about the ethnic and cultural composition of the population. Ethnographic material of the first quarter of the twentieth century allow us to see in the traditional culture of kolyvantsev clearly marked stratum traditions of the Russian North, even though some of their number are marked ambiguously. As an entrenched traditional costume with a skirt and jacket - well known in both the North and South of European Russia. Among old residents it existed as everyday and as a holiday. The wedding ceremony was common with North Russian version with verbal activity of the bride, bachelorette party, bath ritual, rites of the groom's house (common meal, testing young, etc.). The above materials, we believe, is strong evidence in favor of preserving a calendar rites of East Slavic peoples in Siberia in sufficiently complete form (the Christmas maskers, Carnival riding, etc.) despite the fact that the individual components can be regional, for example, Christmas storms of "snow town" in villages near the Moscow's Siberian tract.

Keywords

Authors

References