The ethnosocial problems of of historical and cultural heritage preservation on the nature protected areas

The thesis of universal and multipurpose character of the concept of nature and cultural heritage objects territorial protection is carried out in the article. It is noted, that the concept universality is shown in a global tendency of the nature protected areas (NPA) number increase in ecological and demographic crisis conditions. Multipurpose character is shown in a wide range of NPA categories, that determined the main functions. In article is noted the interconditionality of problems of nature conservation and social and economic development This tendency characteristic for the majority of the countries creating an NPA network. The main function of the NPA are correlated with state national and ecological policy in national regions. The argument of compliance of policy of the Russian Federation to world tendencies is provided. It is noted that the social problems, arising at regional level, are defined by ignoring of an ethnic factor as on the stages of ecology police concept formation, and in process of separate NPA design. As the result, ecological policy are included into a contradiction with ethnic interests of indigenous people. There is legal framework of natural and historian cultural heritage preservation on all territory of the Russian Federation. This problem narrows possibilities of ethnic business development and social problems solution in the territory of national parks and reserves. The functions of historical and cultural monuments, traditional life support systems and national culture preservation aren't characteristic for all NPA of the Russian Federation. In this regard the solution of this problem jn regional level is considered in a context of development of civil society and activity of scientific centers. The methodological bases of the analysis of domestic NPA, as social institutes, are given in system of the interethnic relations, a nature protection and national state policy. It is offered to use the approved algorithms of ethnological examinations and ethnosocial monitoring in the course of research. New problematic to the Russian historiography are offered: a place historical and cultural heritage objects in the system of social communications definition; analysis of ethnic business and NPA functions interrelation; the analysis of NPA (as social institutes) in system of territorial administration efficiency.

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