Psychosomatic direction in traditional Ayurvedic medicine

Ayurvedic medicine one of three modern and traditional systems of healing for thousands of years formed on the Hindustan subcontinent and today is widely used in the world. Among the many directions set out in the canonical texts of Ayurveda, discussed and psychosomatic direction, which is devoted to this work. In modern conditions, traditional Ayurvedic medicine can play an important role in understanding the trends in psychosomatic medicine and psychology. The article provides a brief historical analysis of psychosomatics as medical and psychological direction. The data from authentic sources of traditional Ayurvedic medicine (Charaka Samhita, Ashtanga hrdayam Samhita) of psychosomatic aspects and various kinds of diseases is state in this paper. One of the key statement of the Indian philosophy the concept of the three modes of material nature, a concept known as «Triguna», which features three platforms that correspond to the three levels of the psyche, is described. Deep analysis of Sanskrit terminology is given. The mental status of the individual, offered in Gitopanishad (Bhagavad Gita), is given. The characteristics of the three gunas (sattva, rajas and tamas), according to the understanding of the various commentators of this great treatise, is represented. The classification of types of mentality according to Charaka Samhita is described in detail. The statement that people under the influence of different modes of material nature (sattva, rajas and tamas) are acquiring certain qualities of the psyche, which can lead to physical illness is indicated. The different ways to treat mental doshas (Rajas and Tamas) according Ashtanga hrdayam Samhita and Charaka Samhita are described. The article focuses on the fact that the knowledge described in the medical sources, can be applicable today. Much attention is paid to the context of the psychological and physical status. Thus, in the texts of traditional Ayurvedic medicine we find a description of the role of psychological factors in the development of somatic diseases, diagnostic methods and treatment of these diseases.

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