Particular qualities of agrarian changes' implementations by Communist party of China in Inner Mongolia since 1947 until 1949

The foundation of Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region (IMAR) was important event for Communist Party of China not only in political, but in strategic way. During the civil war the main CPC target was the consolidation of influence on the territory of North-eastern provinces and Inner Mongolia. The main political influential consolidation method of Communist party was implementation of fast reform. As a model of reform's implementation the experience of USSR was using, that is why in 1947 CPC applied the official document «Provision of land regulation», that's determined the principles of agrarian reforms in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the rest of China. The regulation basis includes egalitarian and anti feudal principles. In October of 1947 a local government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region applied a new document «The land reform law» which was based on «Provision of land regulation». Implementation of land reforms in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region had several features. First, «The land reform law» was interpretated otherwise and implemented accordingly with local Mongolian political and social traditions. Despite the law which included egalitarian principle, traditional system of social relationship persisted, when Mongols have more rights than Hans. Second, due to lack of cadres' political experience in the implementation work of the law in some areas conducted with disparage, in other areas with extra diligence. In 1948 Communist party of China has changed its political line and announced the realization of «New course» policy. The methods of implementation of agrarian reforms was changed in the «New course» policy in Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region. The first year reform experience showed the ineffectiveness of the shoke-method reform. Communist party made a decision to decline egalitarian and anti feudal principles, because the first year of reform blighted to landlords and prosperous peasants, who were the basis of agrarian production in IMAR and North-eastern China. During the agrarian reform in Inner Mongolia and Manchuria the local authorities organized incorrect lands and funds redistribution, that resulted to serious economic waste and decreasing life level in the village. Inner Mongolia and North-eastern regions of China have been used as a kind of platform for political trial by CPC. Therefore, the objectives of agrarian reform have been achieved only in part, thereby confirming the presence of a small political experience of the CPC in implementing reforms.

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