Functional approachment in Soviet Ethics and its analyses by Western philosophers

In our article we are trying to tell what is so called Functional Aproachment in researching morality, why it was so important especially in soviet ethicists? At the same time the western philosophers as "neutral" for politics tried to research morality by braking phrases and sentences to simple moral statements, but was it really neutral? We discover why functional aproachment could be probably current for now days for changing "social reality". In some sense it specifically belongs just to Soviet philosophy, because it wasn't neutral to politics it had some kind of political directedness, but at the same time it was directed to change reality for a better life, even especially succeed in it. So researching of function of morality, not content of, was inherent to Soviet philosophy. Revival of moral research in Soviet thought was difficult, because it tried to make own concept of "separate" philosophy, which was different from so called bourgeois philosophy. The article also makes some parallels to universal prescriptivism of R.M. Hare and a soviet author Oleg Drobnicki which considers that they both tried in some sense to unify Kantian universalism and utilitarianism, and the both lately were accused of so called natural fallacy. Education of the soviet people was a main point for ethic as a science, and it was aimed to be adequate and objective, that was extremely difficult in the 60 of the last century in Soviets, but philosophical sophistication was growing up in the Soviets, so ethical thought was renewed from long oblivion impacted by cruel moralization of the communist party. Anyway, even renewed philosophy was a little bit eclectic, but it made huge progress in justification of the Soviet system and in making ethics real science, separated from moralizing philosophy. It was considered in making new educational process, in which a lot of individual qualities are not contradict society, especially in Drobnicki's so called ethical conceptualism, both societies values and individual are complementing each one. In some cases his philosophy is or was quite close to Ethical socialism in getting together neo - Kantian theory and Soviet Marxism. Attempted by Drobnicki's synthesis significantly weakened, at least at the level of theory, the thesis of the class nature of morality he has created a special concept of the concept of morality, not going, however, in its substantive component.

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