The finitism principle in philosophy of nature and the great laws of conservation in the light of two-valued algebra of metaphysics-as-formal-axiology (The physics of Parmenides and Melissus and its evaluation-functional connection with the universal laws of conservation of energy and of electric ch

The connection between the finitism-principle in nature-philosophy and the metaphysics of Par-menides and Melissus is investigated. The strict laws of conservation in physics, especially, the ones of conservation of energy and of electric charge are considered from the viewpoint of two-valued algebra of formal axiology.In the first part of the paper the author constructs different logical squares and hexagons of opposition of a-priori knowledge and empirical one. The two kinds of knowledge and their contrariness are precisely defined by means of compositions of epistemic, alethic, and axio-logical modalities. The first logical square and hexagon considered in the paper are graphic models of the system of logical interrelations among "knowledge that p", "empirical knowledge that p", "a-priori knowledge that p", and "alethic necessity of p". The second square and hexagon are graphic models of the system of logical interrelations among "knowledge that it is good that p", "empirical knowledge that it is good that p", "a-priori knowledge that it is good that p", and "alethic necessity (of the situation) that it is good that p". The third square and hexagon are graphic models of the system of logical interrelations among the contrary epistemic modalities "a-priori knowledge" and "empirical one" precisely defined by means of epistemic, alethic and axiological modalities. These square and hexagon combine the three modality types in such a hypothetical synthesis which heads to a couple of problems.Firstly, the synthesis of the two previous figures by the third ones contradicts to the universality of the principle of logical autonomy between statements about being and ones about value. This contradiction is eliminated by formally defined restriction of the scope of relevant applicability of the mentioned autonomy principle: applying this principle is relevant if and only if it is applied to empirical knowledge; in sphere of a-priori one it is not relevantly applicable. From the submitted definitions it follows logically that if some knowledge is a-priori one then it is one of necessarily good. If so then if the strict laws of conservation in physics represent a-priori knowledge, then they represent knowledge of necessarily good. Hence the laws-of-conservation of energy and the ones of electric charge are laws of formal axiology. This consequence is examined by means of two-valued algebra of formal axiology. The result is positive.

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