Problems of philosophy: past, present, future

The place and role of any field of intellectual culture is determined by the problems generated in it. From the second half of XX century the loss of a high-status philosophy in intellectual culture is closely connected with history and the current state of philosophical problems. However, the decrease of interest to philosophy among intellectuals is accompanied by a crisis in intellectual culture in general, including fundamental sciences. The article highlights the past, present, and future of philosophical problematizations. The past is determined by the view of philosophy as the "queen of sciences", and its mission as the role of discoverer of eternal truths. The value of the problems of philosophy in comparison with scientific problems is determined by their principal unsolvability. The present state of philosophical problematic is conditioned by the deepening of the global systemic crisis caused by the exhaustion of the intellectual resource formed in "axial time". Since the end of XX and with the beginning of the XXI century the process of transition to a new era are started. This allows the philosophy to turn to the formulation of problems that prepare the intellectual culture for transition to a qualitatively new state. Formulations of the problems which relevant to modern philosophy are listed, and their brief comment is given. The future of philosophical problematic is associated with ideas about the new coordinates of the philosophy development and intellectual culture in general. It is suggested that philosophical problems in the XXI century will be associated with an appeal to intellectual intuitions; contradictions of tendencies of universalization / nationalization of languages of intellectual culture; formats of knowledge packaging. Several trends in the development of intellectual culture are allocated, according to which it is appropriate to develop new philosophical problematizations: the transition of research strategies to the level of system synthesis; integration of humanitarian and exact sciences; harmonization of automation of reasoning and computing. It is concluded that the strategic advantages of the subjects in the XXI century will be determined by innovations in the field of methods of thinking.

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