The university: from the Gutenberg galaxy to the Zuckerberg galaxy

The article examines how the educational activities of the university changes in the conditions of changing the type of culture. The Enlightenment culture cultivates the right idea (about the world, the purpose of a person, etc.) which gets its expression in the printed text, the Gutenberg galaxy. The Humboldt-type university corresponds to this culture, it crowned the system of education built on the principles of a class-and-lesson structure, where the "class/course/academic degree" indicated the level of education, and the "lesson/department/faculty" indicated the content of the transferred knowledge. The Humboldt university coped well with its functions as long as culture remained a culture of representation (the essence of truth, ideal and necessity), but it began to malfunction when the type of culture changed. Modern culture is a mosaic culture; it is a culture of dialogue in which each voice proclaims its truth; it is a culture of new rationality, including the chance (aleatory culture); it is a culture of affirming the value of the individual principle and the significance of the action a recentiori (depending on a situation). Modern culture is the culture of presence rather than representation; a symbol of its acts is not a printed book, but a book of persons - Facebook, the Zuckerberg galaxy. The Zuck-erberg galaxy and the information society demonstrate the diversity and personal meaning of information. The distinction between meaning and sense, thought and knowledge was exposed, and thus the university faced the need to change its pedagogical orientation - to teach the ability to work with diverse information, to teach to think, not to teach knowledge, to teach to understand (the logic of sense), not to teach thinking. Modern culture based on the network logic of the information society needs a different type of university. The educational space of the modern university is divided into two parts: (1) the traditional lecture hall space, and (2) the network information space. The logic of the action of the modern university should be determined by familiarizing students to the event of thought, to the logic of sense and to the experience of freedom.

Keywords

Authors

References