Intercultural and interlingual communication as a new reality in the context of globalization

The globalisation processes of the modern world problematise coexistence in a multicultural space. An important role in this situation belongs to the language, regarded as a unique tool for effective interaction between representatives within different linguistic societies. The authors consider in-tercultural communication as a problem of the new reality in the communication era, which claims the need for an adequate interpretation of the ways of intercultural communication. This article reveals the peculiarities of different types of intercultural interaction and its impact on the success of interpersonal communication, discloses the complex interrelation between the factors of the intercultural communication process and the significant role of language in knowing one's own and "alien" culture. The identification of this specificity facilitates the determination of the linguistic and philosophical foundations with regard to the problem of intercultural communication barriers through a foreign language. "Due to culture" differences lead to the type of communication, in which communicants belonging to various sociocultural communities apply special linguistic and sociocultural knowledge and discursive strategies. The conceptualisation of notions correlated with the research area requires the distinction between "cross-cultural", "intercultural" and "foreign-language intercultural" communication. Consideration of the language as a means of cognising the world allows concluding that the success of inter-cultural communication is associated with a wide range of special knowledge, skills, abilities and personal qualities necessary to overcome some inevitable barriers in communication. The difference is between intercultural communication at the global and regional levels, when a global or a regional language as lingua franca serves the means of interpersonal interaction. The authors reveal not only the importance of the ability of effective interaction of communicants and their mutual influence, but also the correlation with the success of foreign-language intercultural communication based on the multiplication of competencies designed to adequately interpret the manifestations of sociocultural and linguistic peculiarities. Against the backdrop of the escalating processes of globalisation, a favourable solution to the problem of overcoming intercultural communication barriers in the context of the reorganisation of the education system is the acquisition of a cognitive plurilingual competence that encourages mutual knowledge of linguistic cultures.

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