Basic Elements of Masculinity Reproduction Models (Practical Research Experience)

The article analyzes the features of gender socialization in modern society, i.e. the model of masculinity reproduction. The first part of the article presents social trends that affect socialization in general and gender socialization in particular. First of all, these trends include the changing role of the father in the modern family, the professionalization of parenthood and changes in ideas about hegemonic masculinity, i.e. the formation of the idea of multiple masculinity. The second part of the article analyzes key elements of socialization and distinguishes the most relevant models of masculinity reproduction which are based on these elements. According to the authors the basic elements are parenting principles and objectives which are divided into tradition-oriented, gender-neutral, and agents of socialization. Thus, socialization can be focused on and beyond a family and specific features of the socialization process where two approaches can be distinguished (intentional and unintentional). Following practical research carried out using qualitative methods and approaches, three models of masculinity reproduction have been identified that are relevant for the present-day society: tradition-oriented, family-oriented, intentional (1), gender-neutral, family-oriented, unintentional (2), tradition-oriented, non-family-oriented, intentional (3). The article considers their substantial features.

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