Four Wheels of the Apocalypse: The Causes of Traffic Congestion in Big Cities of the World
Traffic congestion has become one of the most important problems of the big cities all around the world. Traffic jams lead to huge economic, temporal, psychological, environmental and other costs for drivers of cars and other vehicles, transport enterprises, urban and national economies, as well as for pedestrians and city residents. Based on the analysis of the ranking of cities in the world’s leading countries with the most significant traffic jams, which was developed by the Dutch company TomTom, the author puts forward the concept of the genesis of traffic jams. Traffic congestion in 52 cities of different countries is being examined. According to the author’s concept, traffic jams in major cities are caused by a combination of six causes (or part of them): 1) the number of vehicles, 2) the number of inhabitants of urban agglomerations, 3) population density of urban agglomerations, 4) country’s typical work culture, 5) architectural and urban planning type of the city, 6) the terrain in which the city is located. Different causes make different contributions to the genesis of traffic congestion, which allows us to speak about their hierarchy. In every major city’s case, traffic jams are caused by a peculiar combination of their causes. Contrary to popular belief, the increase in the number of vehicles is not the most important cause of traffic jams. Special attention is dedicated to the analysis of traffic jams in big Russian cities. The Russian cities’ traffic jams are caused by low standards of work culture, which lead to low standards of vehicle management and traffic management, by special features of the architectural and urban planning type of the cities, and by increase in the number of vehicles. Research on the causes of traffic jams allows developing ways to deal with them. The impact of some causes of traffic jams can be mitigated, but, in some cases, some of the causes are fundamentally irremediable.
Keywords
transport,
car,
congestion,
traffic jam,
city,
urban studies,
culture of work,
architectural and city planning typeAuthors
| Rakhmanov Azat B. | Lomonosov Moscow State University | azrakhmanov@mail.ru |
Всего: 1
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