To a question on the analysis of local communities from the point of viewof the theory of systems and topology

In the articleis shown the importance for new realities of development of russian society such a social formations asa local communities. The local community (a historical, cultural, neighbour's generality of people) - isa arises of the base of any civil self-organizing. Managing influence in a such social system as the localcommunity, will be effective in that measure in what it corresponds to internal tendencies of its selfdevelopment.The community acts cumulative social -life subject of public action that means not somuch integrity and unity, how many set of associations of the most various scale and a level, and anembodiment of a wide variety of sights, positions, valuable installations. Interaction of subjects functioningin such community becomes a connecting fabric, spatial, its topological field. The organizationand management of such social systems as local communities, may not be carried out in traditionalclassical forms. Attraction of topology to their research that provides the account of their spatial characteristicsat the analysis of local communities is perspective. The topology is a doctrine about a place.Thus all spatially designated concepts of local communities, even such as an atmosphere, mood, asituation etc. Concept of topology or a topological reflection of space are accepted to the analysis, asthough towers above relative space and conducts to other, more universal understanding of space, aplace. The place turns around a social field and not only connects people, but also will penetrate intothem. The philosophical topology is a theory of a concrete place, the concrete logic of local communityexplaining as individuals may cooperate in the community, considering various kinds of interaction,intermediary and allocating among them the interactions caused by a place. To build topologicalsystem of construction of local communities, it is necessary to develop system of their comparison,correlation with each other, measurement their uniqueness that does not give any another parameter ofa measure. For revealing opportunities of multivariate realization philosophical direction about localcommunities, in article address to system methodology. Are considered different system direction tofind unity in set of interpretation of system-theoretical researches in their application to the analysis oflocal communities, as social systems. Three system-theoretical directions are analysed: the intervention-technical theory of systems; the theory of self-organizing and the structural theory of systems. Indetailare described two different types of the structural theory: operative and retive systems. Opportunitiesof application of that and are shown another at the analysis of social systems of local communities.Is given the concept of topology model of social system, the concept of a field is entered into thesystem theory. The theory of social systems is identified with retive models of systems, with theirpoly- centered and topology- centered versions, with the theory of space and topology. The new system-theoretical direction is submitted which with introduction of concept of space and fields enables todescribe such strongly contextually caused social systems as local communities.

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