Comparison of identities of junior pupils, teenagers and young people

The article analyzes the peculiarities of development junior pupils, teenagers and young people identities. The author examines different approaches to this problem and peculiar features of junior pupils, whose identities were studied by N.A. Bogdanova, T.V. Garmaeva, A.V. Mi-klyaeva; teenagers and young people, examined by N.E. Kharlamenkova, E.L. Soldatova, 0.G. Kalinina, and others; grown-ups, studied by A.N. Tatarko, N.M. Lebedeva, M.A. Kozlova, etc. The author concludes that the usage of different psycho-diagnostic techniques is one of the objective difficulties for studying identity dynamics in general and particularly its development in the cases of junior pupils, teenagers and young people. The lack of common and identical methodical techniques creates difficulties when analyzing comparatively identities of people of different age and gender. Consequently, the usage of the same techniques would permit us to determine the peculiarities of the identity development in age and gender aspects. Having analyzed the identity peculiarities of 902 subjects of different gender and age with the help of the most widely used techniques such as Semantic differential and the method of twenty statements by Kuhn and McPartland, the author comes to the following conclusions: • Analyzing factors marked by V.F. Petrenko, we found out that females evaluate their personal qualities higher, than males. It can be explained as a desire to look better in others' eyes. On the contrary, males while evaluating their personality pay more attention to strength and manliness. • Older subjects of both genders demonstrate the tendency to decreasing self-evaluation. At the same time, the trend to evaluate their personality as "complicated" increases. We noticed no crucial dynamics in expressiveness of these factors during a year. It is possible, that this fact is a crisis experienced in teenage years manifestation. • Gender, family and professional identity are the most important identities for junior pupils, teenagers and young people. There is also gender and age peculiarities of social identity components. Ethnic identity prevails when speaking about men and gender, family and professional when speaking about women. With ageing gender identity becomes less marked and v.v. family identity becomes more expressed in the process of maturing when people grow older.

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