The range of resistance of hydrobionts to medium contamination with manufactured nanoparticles
In addition to the safety issues of highly dispersed materials directly for humans and farm animals, of equal importance is their possible impact on the lower links of the food chains that form the ecosystem of trophic security. According to the law of equivalence, all environmental conditions necessary to sustain life have an equal role to play. Therefore, disturbances in the lower, usually less resilient elements of food chains can critically limit humanity’s existence. During the life cycle of nanomaterials, one of the most common pathways of entry into the biosphere is through aerosol transport with subsequent deposition on surface water or soil, or direct transport by soil water from storage or disposal sites. Therefore, hydrobionts are among the first links in contact with nanoparticles. An assessment was performed to estimate ecological and biological effects of metallic and binary nanoparticles (NPs) of various chemical nature and structural characteristics. Application of rapid toxicity tests using hydrobionts of various trophic levels (Escherihia coli, Chlorella vulgaris B., Paramecium caudatum, Daphnia magna S., Danio rerio) allowed to determine resistance range to NPs Ni, Pt, ZnO and CeO2. It was established that test reaction to contamination of water with NPs and development of adverse effects to phyto- and zooplankton is contingent on NPs physicochemical properties and sensitivity of hydrobionts. Concentrations of NPs not causing observed change of test reactions were determined. C. vulgaris B. was established to be the most vulnerable to contamination of medium with NPs; photosynthetic pigment quantity was determined to be the most sensitive parameter: nCeO2 L(E)Cio = 0.0007 mg/l, nNi L(E)Cio = 0.0015 mg/l, nZnO L(E)Cio = 0.0048 mg/l, nPt L(E)Cio = 0.033 mg/l. The highest resistance (L(E)C10 > 100 mg/l) to contamination shown by: E. Coli, D. magna S., D. rerio to nPt ; D. rerio. to nNi and nZnO, E. coli, P. caudatum to nCeO2; and D. rerio by the parameter ‘embryotoxicity’. The most vulnerable chains of trophic structure of communities were revealed as well as ways of disrupting food pyramid of an aquatic system. Range of resistance or range of concentrations within which biota retains resistance was shown to be an integral characteristic of NPs effects on ecosystems. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
Keywords
resistance,
nanoparticles,
hydrobionts,
test-organism,
test-reaction,
dispersed systemsAuthors
| Morgalev Yuri N. | Tomsk State University | yu.morgalev@gmail.com |
| Morgalev Sergey Yu. | Tomsk State University | s.morgalev2@gmail.com |
| Kondratova Oksana V. | Tomsk State University | kov-2710@yandex.ru |
| Morgaleva Tamara G. | Tomsk State University | tg.morgaleva@gmail.com |
Всего: 4
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