Studies of speech processes in monolinguals, bilinguals and multilinguals
The study of speech processes in monolinguals, bilinguals, and multilinguals is an urgent task of modern physiology. This is due to the growing level of international integration in the field of science, education and production, significant migration of the population that knowledge of foreign languages is urgently required from a modern person. However, the influence of multilingualism on the human psyche has not been studied enough. This review analyzes modern data on speech processes in monolinguals, bilinguals, and multilinguals. The literature analysis indicates that the activity of speech structures in monolinguals, bilinguals, and multilinguals significantly depends on the type of speech task presented, on the degree of assimilation of a non-native language (languages), and other factors. The production of non-native speech by bilinguals and multilinguals, in contrast to the production of speech in the native language, requires additional neural resources. Learning a second language is accompanied by plastic restructuring of speech structures and changes in cognitive functions. At the same time, the question of what effect multilingualism has on human cognitive functions cannot be considered as definitively resolved, since the data on this matter are extremely contradictory. To date, nine different hypotheses about language lateralization in bilinguals have been proposed, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, the question of language lateralization among bilinguals remains open. The role of mirror neurons in the formation of multilingualism is poorly studied. At the same time, the available data indicate that "communicative" mirror neurons themselves do not provide understanding of the speech actions of other people, since these processes involve areas of the brain where these neurons are not found. It is assumed that these neurons act as an intermediary and provide interaction between the prefrontal cortex, sensory, motor, and association areas of the cortex, as well as storage sites in the brain for motor programs. The result of interaction between these structures is understanding of the speech actions of other people. Based on the available data analysis, it is concluded that further efforts should be directed to studying the influence of multilingualism on human psyche, the lateralization of speech in bilinguals and multilinguals, plastic rearrangements of speech structures during the formation of multilingualism, and elucidating the role of mirror neurons in the formation of multilingualism. The article contains 39 References. The Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Keywords
multilingualism,
speech processes,
brain activity,
mirror neuronsAuthors
| Bushov Yuri V. | Tomsk State University | bushov@bio.tsu.ru |
| Skryabina Anastasia A. | Tomsk State University | skryabina.anastasiya1994@yandex.ru |
Всего: 2
References
Martensson J., Eriksson J., Bodammer N.C., Lindgren M., Johansson M., Nyberg L., Lovden M. Growth of language-related brain areas after foreign language learning // Neuroimage. 2012. Vol. 63, № 1. PP. 240-244.
Бушов Ю.В., Ушаков В.Л., Светлик М.В., Карташов С.И., Орлов В.А. Зеркальные нейроны в восприятии времени и речевых процессах. 2-е изд. перераб. и доп. М.: РУСАЙНС, 2021. 212 с.
Farina E., Borgnis F., Pozzo T. Mirror neurons and their relationship with neurodegenerative disorders // Journal of neuroscience research. 2020. Vol. 98, № 6. PP. 1070-1094.
Vukovic N., Shtyrov Y. Cortical motor systems are involved in second-language comprehension: Evidence from rapid murhythm desynchronisation // Neuroimage. 2014. Vol. 102. PP. 695-703.
Mishra R.K., Mohan A. Understanding the role of mirror neurons in learning language: a review of studies // Journal of Indian Psychology. 2016. Vol. 3, № 3. PP. 88-94.
Hull R. Clearing the cobwebs from the study of the bilingual brain: Converging evidence from laterality and electrophysiological research. Handbook of bilingualism: phycholin-guistic approaches. Oxford; New York, 2005. PP. 480-496.
Pang E.W., MacDonald M.J. An MEG study of the spatiotemporal dynamics of bilingual verb generation // Brain research. 2012. Vol. 1467. PP. 56-66.
Lehtonen M., Soveri A., Laine A., Jarvenpaa J., de Bruin A., Antfolk J. Is bilingualism associated with enhanced executive functioning in adults? A meta-analytic review // Psychological Bulletin. 2018. Vol. 144, № 4. PP. 394-425.
De Bot K. The future of the bilingual advantage. Future research directions for applied linguistics. Bristol: Multilingual Matters, 2017. PP. 15-32.
Folke T., Ouzia J., Bright P., De Martino B., Filippi R. A bilingual disadvantage in metacognitive processing // Cognition. 2016. Vol. 150. PP. 119-132.
Mechelli A., Crinion J.T., Noppeney U. Structural plasticity in the bilingual brain // Nature. 2004. Vol. 431, № 7010. P. 757.
Li P., Legault J., Litcofsky K.A. Neuroplasticity as a function of second language learning: Anatomical changes in the human brain // Cortex. 2014. Vol. 58. PP. 301-324.
Gathercole V.C.M., Thomas E.M. Bilingual first-language development: Dominant language takeover, threatened minority language take-up // Bilingualism: Language and Cognition. 2009. Vol. 12, № 2. PP. 213-237.
Valenzuela M.J., Sachdev P. Brain reserve and dementia: A systematic review // Psychological medicine. 2006. Vol. 36, № 4. PP. 441-454.
Oller D.K., Eilers R.E. Language and literacy in bilingual children. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 2002. 310 p.
Mahon M., Crutchley A. Performance of typically-developing school-age children with English as an additional language on the British Picture Vocabulary Scales II // Child Language Teaching and Therapy. 2006. Vol. 22, № 3. PP. 333-353.
Bialystok E., Feng X. Language proficiency and its implications for monolingual and bilingual children. Language and Literacy development in bilingual settings. New York (NY): The Guilford Press, 2011. PP. 121-138.
Rogers C.L., Lister J.J., Febo D.M., Besing J.M., Abrams H.B. Effects of bilingualism, noise, and reverberation on speech perception by listeners with normal hearing // Applied Psycholinguistics. 2006. Vol. 27, № 3. PP. 465-485.
Kaushanskaya M., Marian V. Bilingual language processing and interference in bilinguals: Evidence from eye tracking and picture naming // Language Learning. 2007. Vol. 57, № 1. PP. 119-163.
Portocarrero J.S., Burright R.G., Donovick P.J. Vocabulary and verbal fluency of bilingual and monolingual college students // Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology. 2007. Vol. 22, № 3. PP. 415-422.
Costa A., Hernandez M., Sebastian-Galles N. Bilingualism aids conflict resolution: Evidence from the ANT task // Cognition. 2008. Vol. 106, № 1. PP. 59-86.
Zelazo P.D., Frye D., Rapus T. An age-related dissociation between knowing rules and using them // Cognitive development. 1996. Vol. 11, № 1. PP. 37-63.
Gollan T.H., Montoya R.I., Cera C., Sandoval T.C. More use almost always means a smaller frequency effect: Aging, bilingualism, and the weaker links hypothesis // Journal of memory and language. 2008. Vol. 58, № 3. PP. 787-814.
Bialystok E., Shapero D. Ambiguous benefits: The effect of bilingualism on reversing ambiguous figures // Developmental Science. 2005. Vol. 8, № 6. PP. 595-604. 10.1111/j. 1467-7687.2005.00451.x.
Bialystok E., Craik F., Luk G. Cognitive control and lexical access in younger and older bilinguals // Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, memory, and cognition. 2008. Vol. 34, № 4. PP. 859-873.
Bialystok E. Bilingualism: The good, the bad, and the indifferent // Bilingualism: Language and cognition. 2009. Vol. 12, № 1. PP. 3-11.
Шайгерова Л.А., Шилко Р.С., Зинченко Ю.П. Двуязычие и многоязычие как междисциплинарный феномен: социокультурный контекст, проблемы и перспективы исследования // Национальный психологический журнал. 2019. № 1(33). С. 3-15.
Liu X., Qu J., Li H., Yang R., Mei L. Similar activation patterns in the bilateral dorsal inferior frontal gyrus for monolingual and bilingual contexts in second language production // Neuropsychologia. 2021. Vol. 156. PP. 107857.
Treutler M., Soros P. Functional MRI of Native and Non-native Speech Sound Production in Sequential German-English Bilinguals // Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 2021. Vol. 15. PP. 399-410.
Geng S., Molinaro N., Timofeeva P., Quinones I., Carreiras M., Amoruso L. Oscillatory dynamics underlying noun and verb production in highly proficient bilinguals // Scientific Reports. 2022. Vol. 12, № 1. P. 764.
Sulpizio S., Del Maschio N., Fedeli D., Abutalebi J. Bilingual language processing: A metaanalysis of functional neuroimaging studies // Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews. 2020. Vol. 108. PP. 834-853.
Tian L., Chen H., Zhao W., Wu J., Zhang Q., De A., Leppanen P., Cong F., Parviainen T. The role of motor system in action-related language comprehension in L1 and L2: An fMRI study // Brain and Language. 2020. Vol. 201. P. 104714.
Liu H., Cao F. L1 and L2 processing in the bilingual brain: A meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies // Brain and language. 2016. Vol. 159. PP. 60-73.
Carey D., Miquel M.E., Evans B.G., Adank P., McGettigan C. Functional brain outcomes of L2 speech learning emerge during sensorimotor transformation // Neuroimage. 2017. Vol. 159. PP. 18-31.
Palomar-Garcia M.A., Bueicheku E., Avila C., Sanjuan A., Strijkers K., Ventura-Campos N., Costa A. Do bilinguals show neural differences with monolinguals when processing their native language? // Brain and language. 2015. Vol. 142. PP. 36-44.
Tu L., Wang J., Abutalebi J., Jiang B., Pan X., Li M., Gao W., Yang Y., Liang B., Lu Z., Huang R. Language exposure induced neuroplasticity in the bilingual brain: A follow-up fMRI study // Cortex. 2015. Vol. 64. PP. 8-19.
Shimada K., Hirotani M., Yokokawa H., Yoshida H., Makita K., Yamazaki-Murase M., Tanabe H. C., Sadato N. Fluency-dependent cortical activation associated with speech production and comprehension in second language learners // Neuroscience. 2015. Vol. 300. PP. 474-492.
Berken J.A., Gracco V.L., Chen J.-K., Watkins K.E., Baum S., Callahan M., Klein D. Neural activation in speech production and reading aloud in native and non-native languages // Neuroimage. 2015. Vol. 112. PP. 208-217.
Abutalebi J., Della Rosa P.A., Gonzaga A.K.C., Keim R., Costa A., Perani D. The role of the left putamen in multilingual language production // Brain and language. 2013. Vol. 125, № 3. PP. 307-315.
