The State’s selective regional policy

The analysis and systematization of theoretical approaches to the content of regional selective state policy have shown that there is no commonly accepted meaning of the term ‘selective regional policy’, but there are two main approaches to the understanding of its role and place in regional economic policy. The first is identified with the regional economic policy of the state and the second is considered an integral part of the state’s regional economic policy. The authors consider the first approach to be not entirely correct because of the range of issues solved by regional economic policy is much wider. The content of regional economic policy consists of the coherent implementation of its two separate types: common regional and selective. Common regional policy is directed at creating common prerequisites for regional development. The measures of this policy don’t have an elective designation and therefore they uniformly affect all regions of the country, forming the legal, organizational and economic environment of their independent activity. In the framework of the common regional policy exist definitions for the scope of individual and joint actions, the power and responsibility of the authorities in all aspects of regional development, the establishment of general federal guidelines, procedures and regulations for the federal and regional division of property, natural resources, and finances. Selective regional policy as an independent type of state regional economic policy is formed on the basis of the social goals and priorities identified in the concept of the country’s territorial development, which sets the strategic guidelines for spatial development. An analysis of regional policy tool classifications showed that there is no common approach in literature to classifying tools of elective impact by the state on the regional development, and as a rule, only their inventory is offered. In this article, the authors propose a classification of selective regional policy tools, reflecting the stimulating or limiting impact on the exogenous and endogenous type of regional economic development. Summarizing, we note that: - Selective regional policy is the elective impact by the state on certain territories through the rational allocation of economic activity across the country in order to improve its socio-economic development and territorial integrity; - Methodological principles have been developed for selective regional policy and include purposefulness, selectivity, addressness, alternativeness, rationality, conservation of territorial integrity, and protection of economic security; - The selective impact of a project’s regional policy is divided into polarizing and equalizing, and the nature of the impact into stimulating and restraining; - A classification of selective regional policy tools has been proposed and allows, in contrast to the existing classifications, for the determination of the nature of the elective impact of the state on the endogenous and exogenous type of regional development.

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