Regional Institutions: Formation and Development

An important feature of the development of institutions is the regulatory role of the state in their functioning. The quality and adequacy of the institutional environment determines the directions, forms, terms, and possibility for modernization processes in the economy. Creating an efficient and effective system of developmental institutions is now a priority for public authorities and the administration. The approach proposed by the author to assess the development level of regional institutions takes into account the systemacy and activeness of territories in their creation and development. The work details the features of development and territorial distribution of regional development institutions. When evaluating the development level of regional institutions, the following priorities were taken into account: the systemacy of innovative legislation in the region; the availability of existing clusters or potential clustering in the region; innovative activities held in the region; the presence and functioning of regional development corporations; the availability of highly rated federal, national or private educational institutions; the inclusion of entities of the Russian Federation in the ‘Association of Innovative Regions of Russia’; the participation of the region in technological platforms. The regions that most actively use various institutions and development tools, and the regions which have no institutions of development have been identified. The development level of regional institutions makes it possible to identify regions with high levels of regional development institution creation and, accordingly, the regions in which there are no development institutions. The largest group is the entities in which there are no development institutions (45 entities in the Russian Federation). The ranking is led by 22 entities of the Russian Federation (St. Petersburg, Tomsk Oblast, Krasnoyarsk Krai, the Republic of Tatarstan, and others) that most actively use various development tools and institutions in their territories. This work pays particular attention to the problem of cluster development. The development of territorial industrial clusters in Russia is one of the conditions for increasing the competitiveness of the economy and the intensification of mechanisms for public-private partnership. A comparative rating of regions in terms of the development level of institutions and use of public-private partnerships has been conducted. The work has confirmed the thesis on the preemptive use of public-private partnerships in the implementation of cluster policy. In the article, the fundamental problems of creating institutions for development and institutional environments in regions of Russia have been defined, stipulated by the absence of a united academic and reasoned theoretical and methodological basis, as well as by the absence of an integrated connection between academics, business, education, and authority. The lack of consensus between these groups has led to a lack of systemacy in the formation and development of regional institutions. There is a need to develop mutual integration and come up with mechanisms for cooperation between science, government, education and business.

Keywords

Authors

References