Rational water use: elaboration of an effective mechanism and conditions for its development

Water resources, along with other types of natural resources, are the basis of life and activity of people living in the territory of the Russian Federation. They ensure economic, social and ecological welfare of citizens, as well as existence of flora and fauna. Water is a renewable, limited and vulnerable natural resource, and control over utilization and protection of water is one of the state level tasks. Multi-purpose water bodies as providers of public resources and the industrial sector as a medium for the disposal of industrial and domestic wastes, as well as the public domain require a detailed study of the use, protection and reproduction. Ensuring economic growth without environmental degradation of the environment, improving the welfare of the people have become priority areas of modern ecological and socio-economic policy. A new business process technology must be created and implemented in the water use system, corresponding not only to the market conditions but also ensuring safety of human population, efficiency of water resources use, improvement of the process of delivery and collection of waste volumes of water, corresponding to the demand of the economy and population; and elimination of collisions related to natural cataclysms. The mechanism of water management from an economic point of view involves the implementation of a set of organizational, managerial, financial and economic activities that are intended to ensure benefits and positive effects. As consumers of water resources for production, as well as individuals and organizations engaged in domestic use these resources, people must develop a rationally organized, low-waste and resource saving approach to water use. The traditional solution to this problem does not give satisfactory results. Standard environmental protection measures are imperfect, and therefore ineffective. Irrational approaches with constant changes in the structure of governance and without responsibility for the implementation of environmental programs make the management process inefficient. A possible solution to this problem is introduction of an environmental management system in the field of water management. The mechanism of control over water use and ecological safety is part of the general economy management system on the whole.

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