Issues of alternative energy development in Russia

The paper examines factors hindering the development of alternative and renewable energy sources in our country. The main economic barrier is the cost of electricity generated compared to traditional power generation facilities. Given the security of Russia's own primary energy resources, there is need for development and alternative energy, the total potential of which in Russia is huge and amounts to about 3 billion tons of oil equivalent per year. Imperfection of economic mechanism of regulation is addressed, including various types of direct subsidies, preferential loans, tax rebates, tenders, green certificates, quotas, etc., contributing to the creation of a market for renewable energy. Such a market in the initial period of its development needs the support of the state. With government support in developing all sectors of the fuel and energy complex, mechanical engineering, nuclear, space industry. In this question it is necessary to use the experience of European countries (especially Austria, Germany, Spain, Denmark). It is shown that the limiting reasons are not always purely internal, was merely a framework of the electricity industry. For example, you need to put in order the current system of regulation, to remove the system is temporarily approved emissions, allowing increased negative impact on environmental components. Special attention is paid to the necessity of including economic analyses of environmental costs and losses from pollution of the environment. This will improve the competitiveness of alternative energy sources. Hitherto disregard or declarative integration of environmental components in a number of official regulatory documents, including design and methodological support, greatly hampered the development of environmentally friendly energy technologies. Equally important is the financial factor. Inadequate funding at both the Federal and regional environmental projects and programmes having impact on scientific research work, experimental implementation as implementation of alternative energy sources, and separate methods of calculation of probability of damage, risk as used in the economic justification of alternative energy projects. The authors also examine technological and social problems of development. It is shown that the large-scale introduction of renewable energy will help diversify energy production capacity. Renewable electricity will also solve the problem of security of energy supply, energy conservation, energy and environmental security.

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