Socialist-revolutionary emigration about the problems of the party history (1920-1930s)

The article is devoted to interpretations of the history of the party of socialist revolutionaries given by the SRS in the final, the emigrant period of their existence (1920-1930). The author analyses the features of the socialist revolutionary emigration after October 1917, the key moments of its formation and development. The formation of the socialist revolutionary emigration after the October 1917 had its own peculiarities in respect of members of the PSR (unlike the social Democrats, Mensheviks or members of the cadet party), generally not practiced expulsion abroad. The repeated attempts of writing party history, attention to the issue of eminent party members are also marked. The history of the PSR was the subject of research of V.M.Chernov, S.P.Postnikov, V.V.Sukhomlin, O.S.Minor. Socialist Revolutionaries in exile several times referred to the history of the party in connection with major events of the political life of Russia and Abroad in 1920-1930. The author also analyses the problems of party history during the controversy surrounding the trial of 1922 over the leaders of the PSR, as well as at the conference of the Prague group of the Party of Socialists Revolutionaries in 1931. The process of 1922 brought to life official interpretation of the history of the PSR given largely for promotional purposes. More frank and critical analysis is contained in the speeches of the conference on theoretical Prague group of the Party of Socialists Revolutionaries in 1931. The author examines the main approaches SRs emigrants to the activities of the party in 1917-1920, the period of revolution and civil war, highlighted the reasons for the failures of the RPS in the political struggle. On the whole SR authors, while acknowledging their political mistakes, the main reason for the defeat considered the weakness of those social forces that could draw in Russia of democratic socialism. The social pillar of democracy the socialists-revolutionaries considered the "worker class" (workers, peasants, intellectuals), but the Social Democrats - the proletariat. Unfortunate for socialist parties of the outcome of the Russian revolution was associated primarily with the fact that these public classes are not yet fully formed and to achieve the required degree of maturity. Underscored the revolutionary impact of evaluations on the subsequent development of foreign historiography. Version emigre historiography and memoirs about the reasons for the defeat of the socialist party has influenced the historical development of foreign science. Still, this topic has not been the subject of special study. Meanwhile, the claims of the socialist revolutionary emigrants "authentically peasant folk" nature of their party was actively used Western historical science, especially in the 1950-es. Emigrant liberal and socialist literature emphasized the idea of "artificiality" the Bolsheviks came to power, recognizing rights for authenticity only after the February revolution, seriously influenced post-war Western, primarily American, Russian Studies.

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