Historical and ethnosocial aspects of analysis of the efficiency of the Russian state national policy of the XIX-XXI centuries

The authors of the article indicate a circle of methodological problems that have emerged in historiography, devoted to assessing the Russian national policy effectiveness in the 19th and early 21st centuries. The main trends in the subject area of research, determined by the inclusion of modern ethnic processes in the context of the genesis of state institutions, political, socio-economic and cultural processes and ideological constructs. The article notes the interdependence of the problems: a limited circle of methods used by researchers, integration studies at the intersection of social and natural sciences, as well as specialists involved as experts by executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation responsible for the implementation of national policy. This tendency is manifested in a limited number of research teams, focused on the current ethnosocial situation monitoring and Russian peoples’ ethnic history studying. At the same time, it was noted that scientific paradigm change and conducting integration studies makes it possible to adjust the concept of the native’s Russian peoples’ ethnic history through the determination of the mechanism of continuity and interdependence of the Russian government regional national policy in the imperial, Soviet and post-Soviet periods. It’s proposed to identify the interdependence of political courses through the identification of processes: a) the environmental management, native’s traditional social organization and subsistence systems transformation; b) ethnic minorities adapt to the country’s political history through ethnic and social stratification, economy ethnic sectors formation. The article suggests schematizing the qualification levels of ongoing ethnosocial studies. At the initial stage (master’s program, postgraduate) it’s proposed to focus on the accumulated experience of national regions researching procedures for identifying, processing, scientific criticism, based on the principles of a systematic approach to the predecessor works. At the next stage (doctoral studies) it is proposed to focus on the modern techniques of applied anthropology development. To focus on methods for identifying and analyzing latent social processes that determine: a) the socio-cultural genesis of the studied ethnic groups; b) a system of intra- and interethnic communications; c) the dynamics of changes in the ethnosocial situation in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The proposed strategy of abandoning the axiological approach to assessing the effectiveness of national policies objectively initiates a dynamic and qualitative change of the research subject field; the formation of the possibility of integration studies at the intersection of history, classical ethnography, ethnology, sociology, political science and cultural science. Changing the training system for ethnologists and historians of national politics in the Russian Academy of Sciences and higher education systems will allow us to adapt our research to the sustainable development of national regions of Russian Federation.

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