Culturological approach to the analysis of historical and cultural heritage: on ethnographic museums' collections material (Shor beads ornaments)

The article deals with museum collections analysis from the point of view of modern culturology involving their complex study. Culturological approach includes determining the role of traditional culture elements in the modern society, analysis of museum collections, finding possibilities of their functioning nowadays. The analysis is made on the materials of four Russian museums' collections, which possess Shor women's beads ornaments. Such materials haven't been an object of a special study till present days besides their description as objects of historical and cultural heritage in three ethnographic catalogues: Catalogue of the Museum of Archaeology and ethnography of Tomsk State University (1979), Catalogue of Omsk State Associate Historical and Literary Museum (1990) and Catalogue of Shor Ethnographic collections in Russian Museums (1998). Objects from museums and photography collections can serve as examples for recreating the authentic forms of the traditional culture objects. The research was based on classification of Shor women's beads ornaments from different museums of Russia acquired from 1900 to 1930-s in Gornaya Shoria region. It was found that later collections don't contain such objects. They are disappearing from popular culture pushed out by bought objects. Their manufacturing technology is vanishing. This is a reason why their study started during the cataloguing of museum collections should be continued on local level. The main method used in catalogues was descriptive. In accordance with the necessities of the times we need to combine the method of museum objects visualisation, i. e. their numeralisation, with the attribution method including a careful study of their manufacturing technology. Such material would be in demand in ethnic and cultural centres and other institutes recreating artefacts of popular culture close to authentic ones. Furthermore, numerisation with a correct attribution allows to use museum objects as illustrative and scientific material for educational museum programmes, to include numerised and attributed objects into an electronic catalogue, to use them as material for the museum site and for other purposes. Therefore the use of modern methods in the work with museum collections facilitates to broaden the cultural and educational opportunities of a museum as well as to translate the historical and cultural heritage.

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