Regularities of electron-ion-plasma modification of high-chromium steel

The purpose of this work is to establish patterns of formation of the structure and properties of 20Cr23Ni18 steel (similar to the USA - 310 steel), subjected to high-speed heat treatment. Steel 310 is used for the manufacture of parts and mechanisms operating at temperatures up to (1000-1050) °C (parts of the combustion chambers, guide vanes of gas turbines, etc.) [1]. Heat treatment of steel was carried out on the SOLO electron-beam setup with an electron source based on a low-pressure pulsed arc discharge with grid stabilization of cathode plasma boundary and open anode plasma boundary [2]. Irradiation was carried out with the following parameters: the energy of accelerated electrons eV = 18 keV; electron beam energy density E_S = (20, 30, and 40) J/cm²; beam pulse duration τ = (50 and 150) μs; the number of pulses N = 3; pulse repetition rate f = 0.3 s^-1; residual gas pressure (argon) in the working chamber ~ 0.02 Pa. The study of structure and phase composition of the material was carried out by the methods of scanning and transmission diffraction electron microscopy. Tests were performed and it was shown that the wear resistance reaches maximum values when the steel is irradiated with an electron beam with parameters of 30 J/cm², 50 μs, 3 imp. and it exceeds the wear resistance of the source material by 8 times. The microhardness of the modified steel surface increases by ≈ 1.2 times and reaches maximum values when the samples are irradiated with an electron beam with parameters of 20 J/cm², 50 μs, 3 imp.

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