On the calculation of magnetic spectrometers

The use of axial-asymmetric magnetic fields in the design of magnetic spectrometers is justified, which allows to improve the main performance characteristics of these devices, such as their energy resolution and light intensity. A mathematical model of the device is constructed, including both the geometry of the phase ensemble of moving particles and the geometry of technical devices that ensure the formation of the ensemble. A class of geometric transformations of the compression-stretching type that preserve the focusing and dispersive properties of the magnetic field of the energy analyzer of the device is determined. It is proved that it is possible to increase the degree of focusing of particles and increase their energy dispersion when using asymmetric fields. The use of elliptical contours with current in the design of the energy analyzer of a magnetic spectrometer to create a magnetic field with improved characteristics is justified. The General nature of the constructed theory opens up the possibility of designing magnetic spectrometers of a very different axial-asymmetric configuration with a higher light intensity and energy resolution.

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