Generation of X-ray radiation in free leectron lasers with variable deflection parameter
We theoretically studied the X-ray radiation in free electron lasers (FEL) with harmonic multiplication in undulators with variable deflection parameter. The evolution of the radiated power along the undulators is analyzed in the high gain harmonic radiation (HGHG) FEL and compared with that in self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) FEL. Exact analytical expressions for the Bessel coefficients with account for real beams and undulator parameters are used and the analytical description of the FEL harmonic power along the undulators is applied. The FELs with variable undulator parameter k : FLASH2, European XFEL, SACLA and SwissFEL, are analyzed. Their radiation is modelled in comparison in SASE and HGHG regimes with dedicated buncher and amplifier. The results of our analytical modelling of the power evolution and the spectral line shape agree well with the experiments. We show that in a FEL with a variable deflection parameter k , HGHG regime is favourable: the HGHG FEL power grows earlier than in SASE. We find it possible to use HGHG at the European XFEL with similar advantages. The theoretical results are checked with the available experimental data from FLASH 2 FEL. For SACLA FEL, we find that the harmonic multiplication is compromised by too high initial energy spread of the beam. For the SwissFEL, we demonstrate that very low emittance and beam energy spread favour the HGHG and allow effective grouping of the electrons at the second harmonic wavelength. In this regime, the saturation comes 10 meters earlier than in SASE and reaches the same power.
Keywords
undulator radiation,
free-electron laser,
harmonic generationAuthors
| Zhukovsky K.V. | M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University | zhukovsk@physics.msu.ru |
Всего: 1
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