Some errors in the interpretation of the Russian poetic text by Spanish translators

Translation of the poetic text sets a variety of tasks before translators which must be solved virtually at the same time. Both theorists and practitioners of translation talk much about translating the rhythm of verses, about the need to translate in rhyme and what this rhyme should be, given that the methods and traditions of rhyme in Spanish and in Russian poetry are different. This article discusses errors in the interpretation of the poetry by A.A. Akhmatova, A.A. Fet and others when translated into Spanish. Using materials of classes with Spanish students during the international internship session of student translators "Student of the Russian World - 2011" organized in the autumn of 2011 by the Institute of Translation and M.I. Rudomino All-Russia State Library for Foreign Literature (VGBIL), an attempt is made to classify the perceptual errors of Spanish poetry translators. These observations can serve as material for further, deeper and more generalized research. Whatever the translator's creative method is, the most important and first step in the translation is the understanding and interpretation of the original. It is the number of semantic errors in literary translations from Russian into Spanish, including those by experienced and eminent interpreters, that is sufficiently large. Undoubtedly, the problem with the understanding of the Russian poetic text is closely related to the problem of understanding the Russian text in general; that is why it is not accidental that poet translators' errors largely repeat the errors of foreign students. The article provides examples of typical translation errors: translators confuse a Russian word with another, similar, or select the wrong meaning of a polysemantic word; translators do not recognize Russian idioms, do not understand the meaning of the verb form, make mistakes in the translation of realia. Finally, misunderstanding of the text may be due to some accidental association or attitude of a translator. Yet, most translators' perceptual errors are due to grammatical interference, to misinterpretation of the phrase structure, relationships between words.

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