Linguistic model of perception in original and translation texts (Russian and Czech poetry of early 20 century)

Perception as a universal category of human consciousness is the main tool of interaction of the person and the surrounding reality. The image of the world presented in a work of art is a manifestation of spiritual activity of the author. The problem of perception is among central for poets-symbolists. Symbolists did not value the objective reality, but the attitude to it. Properties of objects are not connected with the objects, words lose their basic meaning, colours and sounds become symbols characterizing certain states of mind. Perception images play an important role in poetry of symbolists. It is there that the so-called synaesthesia combinations appeared. Synaesthesia as a linguistic expressive means (poetic tropes and figures of speech connected with inter-sensory transference) is one of the key features of "new poetry", reflecting the syncretic merge of feelings. K. Balmont was one of the recognized practitioners and theorists of syncretism. Synaesthesia combinations in K. Balmont's poetry can be classified according to the inter-sensory associations metaphorical transference is based on: sight - hearing; taste - sight; smell -hearing; sight - touch. In poetic texts perception metaphors, first of all, reflect the individual author's attitude and make evaluation describing various spheres of human life, the state of nature and environment. The assumption that features of the author's attitude set certain parameters of the artistic picture of the world of this or that artist and are reflected in selection of texts for translation is proved by the research of translations of Czech poets by one of well-known representatives of Russian symbolism, K. Balmont. Perception metaphors represent extraordinary difficulty in the translation process of a work of art, and respectively, we can assume that it is the features of author's attitude, belonging to one literary school, cognate vocabulary of the Russian and Czech languages that allows to translate the main idea of the poem. Linguistic analysis and comparison of perception images in the original works of the two poets confirms the universality of the basic model of perception in the Czech and Russian languages.

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